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Virtualbox » Historial » Versió 18

Roger Pueyo Centelles, 11-03-2014 17:20

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h1. Virtualbox
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It is possible to emulate qMp with Virtual Box.
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First of all open your virtualbox (VB) and create a new machine (type linux 2.6).
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If you are using the VB wizard, do not select any storage device, we will do it latter.
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h3. Storage
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To make the things easy it is better to use IDE instead of SATA. 
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Create a new IDE disk and browse between your foldersand select the qMp vdi image file.
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The vdi file can be obtained here: http://fw.qmp.cat/testing with the name VBox-qMp_testing-factory-XXXXX.bin
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It should be renamed to something such as VBox-qMp1.vdi
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h3. Network Configuration
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First of all we create a virtual tun/tap device in the host machine.
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<pre>ip tuntap add mode tap dev vbox 
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ip link set vbox up
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ip addr add 172.30.22.10/24 dev vbox
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</pre>
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In VB machine configuration at least one network interface must be added.
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It should be configured as bridged interface to our new "vbox" network device.
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The driver "PCnet-PCI II" works fine.
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h3. Serial
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A serial port is needed because OpenWRT expects it. So it should be added in the VB machine configuration.
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It is possible to use it to connect with the qMp node from the host machine (useful for debug), but it is NOT NEEDED.
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To do so you should configure the VB serial as host pipe.
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Check the option "create pipe" and add the path "/tmp/vboxS0".
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Then in the host machine execute:
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<pre>socat UNIX-CONNECT:/tmp/vboxS0 TCP-LISTEN:7777 &
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netcat localhost 7777
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</pre>
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And you will get serial!
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h3. Start VM
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At this point you can start your virtual machine with qMp, open a browser and go to http://172.30.22.1
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If after the first reboot (automatic reboot) it does not boot (stays in "GRUB LOADING") reboot manually the VM.
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h3. Clone
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Ok, but just one node is quite boring so let's go to create more of them. Just switch-off the virtual machine, right click and Clone it.
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Select the option "regenerate MAC addresses", boot the new  machine and then execute:
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<pre>rm /qmp_configured
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/etc/init.d/qmp_autoconf start
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</pre>
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Then both nodes should see each other!
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h1. QEMU
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It is possible to use the same VirtualBox VDI image file. So again, you can get it from http://fw.qmp.cat
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Copy it to somewhere and change the name to, for instance "qMp1.vdi".
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Then just start QEMU:
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<pre>sudo qemu -net nic,model=pcnet -m 64 -hda qMp1.vdi</pre>
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You can add "-nographic" option and "-daemonize".
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h3. Serial
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Get serial is very easy, just add this option to QEMU
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<pre>-serial pty</pre>
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The qmeu will show you the pty device attached to the serial port of the virtual machine, then just use it:
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<pre>screen /dev/pts/3</pre>
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Amazing!
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h3. Network
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There are several ways to get the network working, I use the combo bridge+tap.
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In the host machine we will have a bridge named "qemu" and the network interface of the virtual machine
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will be a tap device attached to such bridge.
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The next options must be added to the qemu exec command line
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<pre>-net tap,ifname=qmp1</pre>
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And these two scripts are needed:
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*/etc/qemu-ifup*
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<pre>
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#!/bin/sh
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if ! brctl show | grep qemu; then
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	brctl addbr qemu
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	ip link set qemu up
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fi
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echo "Executing /etc/qemu-ifup"
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echo "Bringing up $1 for bridged mode..."
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sudo /sbin/ip link set $1 up promisc on
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echo "Adding $1 to br0..."
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sudo brctl addif qemu $1
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sleep 2
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</pre>
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*/etc/qemu-ifdown*
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<pre>
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#!/bin/sh 
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echo "Executing /etc/qemu-ifdown"
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sudo /sbin/ip link set $1 down
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sudo /usr/sbin/brctl delif qemu $1
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sudo /sbin/ip link delete dev $1
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</pre>
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And make them executable
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<pre>chmod +x /etc/qemu-*</pre>
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To reach the node it is needed to add an IP to the host machine bridge:
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<pre>ip addr add 172.30.22.10/24 dev qemu</pre>
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h3. Multiple nodes
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Each virtual machine needs its own disk file, so copy the VirtualBox vdi image to, for instance "qMpv2.vdi".
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You should use a new one, do not copy the image from another existing machine!
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To skip the problem of duplicate MAC addresses, the option "macaddr" should be added to the previous net option.
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<pre>-net tap,ifname=qmp1,macaddr=$(/etc/qemu-mac)</pre>
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And another script is needed (make it executable too!)
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*/etc/qemu-mac*
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<pre>
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#!/bin/sh
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# generate a random mac address for the qemu nic
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printf 'CA:FE:BA:BE:%02X:%02X\n' $((RANDOM%256)) $((RANDOM%256))
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</pre>
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I use this little script to launch all the virtual machines from a directory:
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<pre>
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#!/bin/sh
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VMDIR="${1:-.}"
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for IMG in $VMDIR/*.vdi
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  do
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	echo "Starting image $IMG"
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	sudo qemu -net nic,model=pcnet,macaddr=$(/etc/qemu-mac) \
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	-net tap,ifname=qmp$(($RANDOM%30)) -m 64 -hda $IMG -nographic -serial pty -daemonize
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  done
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</pre>
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Example of execution:
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<pre>
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p4u@eni4c:~/virtual $ ls
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qMp1.vdi  qMp2.vdi  qmpvirt.sh
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p4u@eni4c:~/virtual $ sh qmpvirt.sh 
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Starting image ./qMp1.vdi
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Executing /etc/qemu-ifup
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Bringing up qmp4306 for bridged mode...
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Adding qmp13 to br0...
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char device redirected to /dev/pts/5
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Starting image ./qMp2.vdi
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Executing /etc/qemu-ifup
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Bringing up qmp21308 for bridged mode...
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Adding qmp21 to br0...
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char device redirected to /dev/pts/7
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</pre>
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A more advanced version of this scripts is attached as file to this article.